МГИМО / ДВИ / Английский язык / Тест 02 / Задание 6 / чтение / Выберите правильный вариант ответа
Выберите правильный вариант ответа
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Questions 1-10
In recent years, the concept of "deep work" has gained traction as an antidote to the increasingly fragmented nature of our professional lives. Coined by Cal Newport, deep work refers to the ability to focus without distraction on a cognitively demanding task. It is contrasted with "shallow work," which involves tasks that are often performed while distracted and typically don't create much value. Newport argues that in today's economy, the ability to perform deep work is becoming both increasingly rare and increasingly valuable.
The rise of digital communication tools has exacerbated the tendency toward shallow work. Constant notifications, email alerts, and the lure of social media make it difficult to sustain focus on any single task for a prolonged period. However, those who cultivate the skill of deep work can produce more substantial and high-quality output, whether in writing, research, or complex problem-solving.
To integrate deep work into one's daily routine, Newport suggests several strategies. First, create rituals and routines that support focused work, such as setting aside specific times of the day for undisturbed concentration. Second, embrace boredom by resisting the urge to reach for your phone during moments of inactivity, thereby training your brain to handle deep work without constant stimulation. Third, reduce or eliminate shallow work by saying no to non-essential tasks and by batching similar tasks together to minimize the time spent on them.
While the benefits of deep work are clear, it requires discipline and a conscious effort to protect one's time from the encroachment of shallow work. The rewards, however, include not only enhanced productivity but also a deeper sense of satisfaction from engaging in meaningful and challenging work.
[question text="What is 'deep work' according to the text? " answers="The ability to multitask effectively.#*The capacity to work without distractions on cognitively demanding tasks.#The ability to perform tasks quickly and efficiently.#The process of working on multiple tasks simultaneously. "]
[question text="How does 'shallow work' differ from 'deep work'? " answers="Shallow work is more valuable than deep work.#Shallow work requires intense concentration.#*Shallow work is typically performed with distractions.#Shallow work is more challenging than deep work. "]
[question text="Why is the ability to perform deep work becoming more valuable? " answers="Because it is less time-consuming.#Due to the increasing simplicity of modern tasks.#*Because it is becoming rarer in the digital age.#Due to the declining importance of shallow work. "]
[question text="What impact do digital communication tools have on work, according to the text? " answers="They facilitate deeper concentration.#They increase the complexity of tasks.#*They encourage shallow work by making distractions more accessible.#They reduce the need for professional skills. "]
[question text="Which of the following is NOT suggested by Newport as a strategy to integrate deep work into one’s routine? " answers="Setting aside specific times for focused work.#Embracing boredom to train the brain.#*Increasing the number of non-essential tasks.#Batching similar tasks together. "]
[question text="What does Newport mean by 'embracing boredom'? " answers="Avoiding any form of entertainment.#Seeking out monotonous tasks to fill the day.#*Resisting the urge to distract oneself during inactive moments.#Engaging in repetitive tasks to improve focus. "]
[question text="Which of the following best describes the overall tone of the text? " answers="Alarmist and pessimistic.#*Informative and encouraging.#Satirical and critical.#Defensive and argumentative. "]
[question text="What is implied by the phrase 'the encroachment of shallow work'? " answers="*The spread of shallow work into time that could be used for deep work.#The complete elimination of deep work from professional life.#The increasing value of shallow work.#The need to incorporate more shallow work into daily routines. "]
[question text="According to the text, what is one benefit of engaging in deep work? " answers="Increased leisure time.#*Enhanced productivity and satisfaction.#A simpler work routine.#The ability to complete tasks more quickly. "]
[question text="Which of the following would most likely undermine efforts to engage in deep work? " answers="Establishing clear daily routines.#*Constantly checking social media.#Focusing on a single task at a time.#Saying no to non-essential tasks. "]
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